1. GENERAL
1.1DEFINITIONS 1.2 ABBREVIATIONS 1.3 COMMONLY USED WATERWORKS PIPES AND FITTINGS
2. RESPONSIBILITIES OF WATER AUTHORITY AND CONSUMERS/AGENTS 2.1DIVISIONS OF RESPONSIBILITIES 2.2 OBLIGATIONS OF CONSUMERS/AGENTS 2.3 GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR INSTALLING PLUMBING WORKS
3. SUBMISSIONS OF PLUMBING PROPOSALS
3.1 GENERAL 3.2 SUBMISSIONS 3.3 PLUMBING PROPOSALS 3.4 FORMAT
4. LICENSED PLUMBERS
4.1 GENERAL 4.2 COMMENCEMENT OF WORK 4.3 INTERIM INSPECTIONS AND FINAL INSPECTIONS 4.4 COMPLETION OF WORK 4.5 WORKS OF A MINOR NATURE
5. METERING
5.1 GENERAL 5.2 METER POSITION
6. INSIDE SERVICE
6.1 FRESH WATER SUPPLY 6.2 FLUSHING SUPPLY
7. FIRE SERVICE
7.1 METERING REQUIREMENT 7.2 PIPE MATERIALS 7.3 SUPPLY TYPES AND ARRANGEMENTS
8. STORAGE CISTERNS ,WATER PUMPS AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS
8.1 STORAGE CISTERNS (OR WATER TANKS) 8.2 WATER PUMPS 8.3 VALVES AND TAPS 8.4 EARTHING 8.5 SEPARATE METERING IN EXISTING PREMISES 8.6 AUTHORIZING PRIVATE DEVELOPERS/AUTHORIZED PERSONS TO UNDERTAKE WATER SUPPLY CONNECTION WORKS
9. MAINTENANCE
Link Download Free Engineering Ebook: Handbook on Plumbing Installation for Buildings
May 16, 2009
Handbook on Plumbing Installation for Buildings
Bridge Engineering
Bridge Engineering: Construction and Maintenance (Principles and Applications in Engineering)
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Product Description
The Principles and Application in Engineering Series is a series of convenient, economical references sharply focused on particular engineering topics and subspecialties. Each volume in this series comprises chapters carefully selected from CRC's bestselling handbooks, logically organized for optimum convenience, and thoughtfully priced to fit every budget. From the award-winning Bridge Engineering Handbook, Bridge Engineering: Construction and Maintenance takes an in-depth look at the construction engineering and maintenance aspects of steel and concrete bridges. Topics include effective project management, construction procedures and practices, construction and maintenance inspections and ratings, and bridge strengthening and rehabilitation.
Book Info
Comprehensive reference text focuses on construction engineering and maintenance aspects of steel and concrete bridges. Topics include effective project management, and construction procedures and practices. Material in this volume was previously published in Bridge Engineering Handbook, c2000.
May 15, 2009
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Reinforced Cement Concrete Design
Concrete is a stone like substance obtained by permitting a carefully proportioned mixture of cement, sand and gravel or other aggregate and water to harden in forms of the shape and of dimensions of the desired structure.
Reinforced cement concrete:
Since concrete is a brittle material and is strong in compression. It is weak in tension, so steel is used inside concrete for strengthening and reinforcing the tensile strength of concrete. The steel must have appropriate deformations to provide strong bonds and interlocking of both materials. When completely surrounded by the hardened concrete mass it forms an integral part of the two materials, known as "Reinforced Concrete".
Advantages and disadvantages of reinforced concrete
Reinforced Concrete is a structural material, is widely used in many types of structures. It is competitive with steel if economically designed and executed.
Advantages of reinforced concrete
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It has relatively high compressive strength
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It has better resistance to fire than steel
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It has long service life with low maintenance cost
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In some types of structures, such as dams, piers and footings, it is most economical structural material.
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It can be cast to take the shape required , making it widely used in pre-cast structural components.
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It yields rigid members with minimum apparent deflection.
Disadvantages of reinforced concrete
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It needs mixing, casting and curing, all of which affect the final strength of concrete.
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The cost of the forms used to cast concrete is relatively high.
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It has low compressive strength as compared to steel (the ratio is about 1:10 depending on material) which leads to large sections in columns/beams of multistory buildings Cracks develop in concrete due to shrinkage and the application of live loads